{"id":1788,"date":"2017-10-21T12:47:20","date_gmt":"2017-10-21T10:47:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/?p=1788"},"modified":"2017-10-23T18:06:16","modified_gmt":"2017-10-23T16:06:16","slug":"point-sur-les-microplastiques-et-les-contaminants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/?p=1788","title":{"rendered":"Point sur les microplastiques et les contaminants Natascha Schmidt et Vincent Fauvelle"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_1738\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-1738\" style=\"width: 1000px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1738\" src=\"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_petit-poisson-qui-arrive-sous-les-sargasses.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_petit-poisson-qui-arrive-sous-les-sargasses.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_petit-poisson-qui-arrive-sous-les-sargasses-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_petit-poisson-qui-arrive-sous-les-sargasses-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_petit-poisson-qui-arrive-sous-les-sargasses-405x270.jpg 405w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-1738\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Petit poisson arrivant sous les Sargasses.<br \/>\u00a9 Sandrine RUITTON<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00ab Imaginons \u00eatre un poisson, nageant au milieu de l\u2019Atlantique, \u00e0 la recherche de nourriture et d\u2019aventures ! Quand soudain&#8230; apr\u00e8s avoir travers\u00e9 des espaces d\u00e9sertiques, bleus, sans avoir trouv\u00e9 une seule proie facile pour se rassasier, on se retrouve tout \u00e0 coup dans l\u2019ombre de grandes structures v\u00e9g\u00e9tales jaun\u00e2tres qui bloquent la lumi\u00e8re. Les rayons de soleil n\u2019arrivent pas \u00e0 p\u00e9n\u00e9trer cette \u00e9paisse couche de Sargasses pour illuminer les masses d\u2019eau en-dessous. Malgr\u00e9 le manque de lumi\u00e8re, on se trouve chanceux d\u2019avoir trouv\u00e9 cet endroit ; c\u2019est une oasis au milieu du d\u00e9sert, une explosion de vie. C\u2019est aussi un endroit id\u00e9al pour capturer des crevettes et crabes qui eux aussi sont venus trouver refuge dans l\u2019agglom\u00e9ration algale. D\u2019un rapide coup de nageoire on est au milieu du radeau, on ouvre la bouche et\u2026 on recule, effray\u00e9. Quelque chose de dur, tranchant s\u2019est coinc\u00e9 dans notre gorge et nous coupe le souffle !<\/p>\n<p>Ce qui est arriv\u00e9 \u00e0 notre petit poisson est symptomatique d\u2019une probl\u00e9matique grandissante : l\u2019invasion \u00e0 large \u00e9chelle de nos oc\u00e9ans par nos d\u00e9chets plastiques. On les retrouve sous toutes les formes : macrod\u00e9chets (&gt; 5 mm), microplastiques (&lt; 5 mm) et contaminants. La d\u00e9gradation des plastiques est lente et complexe, elle se fait sous l\u2019action des vagues, de l\u2019exposition aux UVs, ou encore de la d\u00e9gradation bact\u00e9rienne en fonction du degr\u00e9 de vieillissement des d\u00e9chets. Alors que les macro-d\u00e9chets peuvent avoir un effet d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re pour la faune et l\u2019habitat environnant par action m\u00e9canique, ils peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre une source de contaminants (e.g., par le relargage des additifs de plastique qui sont des substances toxiques), et ainsi agir chimiquement sur les esp\u00e8ces cibles, par accumulation ou bien par action pseudo-hormonale (on parlera alors de perturbateurs endocriniens).<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019exp\u00e9dition Transatlantique \u00e0 bord du Yersin nous permet de mesurer avec pr\u00e9cision tout au long du voyage l\u2019occurrence de ces contaminants dans l\u2019eau de mer, le zooplancton, les Sargasses, et les particules atmosph\u00e9riques. Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 nos pr\u00e9l\u00e8vements nous pourrons effectuer des analyses qui nous permettrons d\u2019am\u00e9liorer nos connaissances sur :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>la distribution spatiale de ces substances,<\/li>\n<li>leur devenir dans les diff\u00e9rents compartiments \u00e9tudi\u00e9s. \u00bb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<style type=\"text\/css\">\n#foogallery-gallery-1742 .fg-image { width: 150px; }\n#foogallery-gallery-1742 { --fg-gutter: 10px; }<\/style>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"foogallery foogallery-container foogallery-default foogallery-lightbox-foobox fg-center fg-default fg-ready fg-light fg-round-small fg-loading-default fg-loaded-fade-in fg-hover-fade fg-hover-eye\" id=\"foogallery-gallery-1742\" data-foogallery=\"{&quot;item&quot;:{&quot;showCaptionTitle&quot;:true,&quot;showCaptionDescription&quot;:false},&quot;lazy&quot;:true}\" style=\"--fg-title-line-clamp: 0; --fg-description-line-clamp: 0;\" >\n\t<div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_des-plastiques-qui-saccumulent-dans-les-sargasses.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Plastique s&#039;accumulant dans les radeaux de Sargasses\" data-caption-desc=\"\u00a9 Sandrine RUITTON\" data-attachment-id=\"1736\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Plastique s&#039;accumulant dans les radeaux de Sargasses\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_des-plastiques-qui-saccumulent-dans-les-sargasses-150x150.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22150%22%20height%3D%22150%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20150%20150%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Plastique s'accumulant dans les radeaux de Sargasses<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fg-item fg-type-image fg-idle\"><figure class=\"fg-item-inner\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_un-pot-en-plastique-qui-se-cache-dans-les-sargasses.jpg\" data-caption-title=\"Pot en pastique enfoui dans les Sargasses\" data-caption-desc=\"\u00a9 Sandrine RUITTON\" data-attachment-id=\"1729\" data-type=\"image\" class=\"fg-thumb\"><span class=\"fg-image-wrap\"><img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Pot en pastique enfoui dans les Sargasses\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" class=\"skip-lazy fg-image\" data-src-fg=\"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/SR_un-pot-en-plastique-qui-se-cache-dans-les-sargasses-150x150.jpg\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D%22http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg%22%20width%3D%22150%22%20height%3D%22150%22%20viewBox%3D%220%200%20150%20150%22%3E%3C%2Fsvg%3E\" loading=\"eager\"><\/span><span class=\"fg-image-overlay\"><\/span><\/a><figcaption class=\"fg-caption\"><div class=\"fg-caption-inner\"><div class=\"fg-caption-title\">Pot en pastique enfoui dans les Sargasses<\/div><\/div><\/figcaption><\/figure><div class=\"fg-loader\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab Imaginons \u00eatre un poisson, nageant au milieu de l\u2019Atlantique, \u00e0 la recherche de nourriture et d\u2019aventures ! Quand soudain&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[5,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anecdotes","category-mission-sargasse-ii"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9eHwp-sQ","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1788"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1788\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1871,"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1788\/revisions\/1871"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sargasses.mio.osupytheas.fr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}